________________________________________________________________________ SPECTROPOP - Spectacular! Retro! Pop! ________________________________________________________________________ There are 25 messages in this issue. Topics in this digest: 1. sampling royalty case From: Phil X Milstein 2. Re: Claude McLin From: Phil X Milstein 3. Re: The Frank Guida Sound From: Austin Roberts 4. Re: Steve Duboff From: Austin Roberts 5. Re: This year Christmas comes earlier From: Phil X Milstein 6. Hide & Seek; Glen Campbell; Frank Guida From: Country Paul 7. Re: the Frank Guida sound From: Austin Roberts (georgerobertson@aol.com) 8. Re: Kingmen's "Louie Louie" From: Eric Predoehl 9. Re: Laura's Dante's interview From: Bob Rashkow 10. Re: Glen Campbell From: Eric Van Rysdam 11. Re: Steve Duboff From: Andy 12. Kooper On Air From: Al Kooper 13. Re: JB Christmas CD From: Frank Jastfelder 14. Re: Zombies Q. From: Al Kooper 15. Re: Robin Ward's "Wonderful Summer" From: Billy G Spradlin 16. Re: JB Christmas CD From: John Marriott 17. Re: promo cats From: Al Kooper 18. Re: Steve Alaimo From: Al Kooper 19. Re: Glen Campbell From: Jens Koch 20. Re: Steve Duboff From: Frank Young 21. Re: Hide And Seek From: Phil X Milstein 22. John Lennon's Jukebox From: Phil X Milstein 23. Re: All I Wanta Be Is Me From: James Cassidy 24. Gillian Hills From: Will Stos 25. Re: Boom Records From: Mikey ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________ Message: 1 Date: Wed, 08 Sep 2004 16:47:29 +0000 From: Phil X Milstein Subject: sampling royalty case The Boston Herald ran the following, which relates to our recent discussion of royalty payments on the sampling of song excerpts, in Wednesday's paper: ----------------- Court: Pay to use song 'samples' by Jennifer Rosinski Boston Herald Wednesday, September 8, 2004 Pay up or don't play it, that's what the federal appeals court ruled yesterday in ordering performers to compensate artists whose work they've sampled. The ruling handed down in Cincinnati, Ohio, goes further than previous lower court rulings that ordered performers to pay when they sample another artists' work. This decision by a three-judge panel of the 6th Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that it is illegal even to rip off musical snippets that no one would recognize. The court said federal laws aimed at stopping piracy of recordings applies to digital sampling. "If you cannot pirate the whole sound recording, can you 'lift' or 'sample' something less than the whole? Our answer to that question is in the negative," the court said. "Get a license or do not sample. We do not see this as stifling creativity in any significant way." Some said the decision to outlaw sampling just one note or chord may be too restrictive for rap and hip-hop artists who often rhyme over music taken from older recordings. "It seems a little extreme to me," James Van Hook, dean of Belmont University's Mike Curb College of Entertainment and Music Business, told the Associated Press. "When something is identifiable, that is the key." The case, one of at least 800 lawsuits filed in Nashville over lifting music snippets, centers on the NWA song "100 Miles and Runnin' " and its use of a three-note guitar riff from "Get Off Your Ass and Jam" by '70s funk-master George Clinton and Funkadelic. In the two-second sample, the guitar pitch has been lowered, and the copied piece was "looped" and extended to 16 beats. The sample appears five times in the new song. (The Associated Press contributed to this report.) -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
Message: 2 Date: Wed, 08 Sep 2004 15:30:26 +0000 From: Phil X Milstein Subject: Re: Claude McLin Country Paul wrote: > This reference sent me on a research project to find if C. J. McLin > was the jazz and bop sax player Claude McLin (he wasn't) who did a > record called "Jambo" [Dootone 476, 1963], among many others. That > was one wild track! (If you're interested, there's a scholarly > treatise, a musical biography with label scans and much more, at > http://hubcap.clemson.edu/~campber/mclin.html; "Jambo" os scanned > about 95% of the way down the page. McLin was active from the 40s > through the early 60s.) Thanks for that link, Paul -- some fantastic photos, and the session descriptions and release information are mouth-watering ... or, if you will, "ear-watering"! McLin's daughter, Marissa Monteilh, claims on her website ( http://www.marissamonteilh.com ) that she's working on a biography of her father. She's an accomplished author (hence the website), and so it may well come about. Yeah, --Phil M. -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
Message: 3 Date: Wed, 08 Sep 2004 15:44:01 EDT From: Austin Roberts Subject: Re: The Frank Guida Sound Previously: > My comment was not a criticism, Austin, merely a description. I love > it. It was an absolutely electric and vibrant effect, probably > overdriven and compressed like crazy. You can't get things that > wonderfully dirty in the digital age without a lot of work. Don't worry about criticism, even though this wasn't, because I truly enjoy the learning spectrum of speaking with you and all the members of this great site. I spoke with Bill Deal years ago and Gary Bonds (Anderson) quite recently and we all concurred that none of us knew exactly how Guida did it but we're all glad he did! They were in thye studio with him all the time and were still perplexed. Spector had a great wall of sound sound which I think Bill Medley captured in his number one production of Soul And Inspiration. Best, Austin Roberts -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
Message: 4 Date: Wed, 08 Sep 2004 15:31:14 EDT From: Austin Roberts Subject: Re: Steve Duboff Previously: > Duboff and Artie Kornfeld wrote The Cowsills' smash "The Rain, the > Park and Other Things." They also wrote the enchanting Crispian St. > Peters hit, "The Pied Piper". In addition, the duo recorded the > original version of that song (as "Pied Piper") under the name The > Changin' Times on Philips 40320 in 1965. Definitely 2 of my favorite song\records! AR -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
Message: 5 Date: Thu, 09 Sep 2004 00:43:48 -0400 From: Phil X Milstein Subject: Re: This year Christmas comes earlier > James Brown > It's Christmas Time (Part 1) > (Brown/Hobgood) > Arranged by ??? > Produced by James Brown > (P) 1969 King Records > (this was only released as a single originally. I'm not sure if there´s > an arranger mentioned, since it's a very intimate ballad without > strings) No arranger named. That space is reserved instead for the all-important clarification, "Playable On STEREO Or MONO." By 1969 I think the only other people concerned with mono besides J.B. were A.M. D.J.s. Brown has put out a load of great XMas records in his career. Does anyone know if these have been compiled to a "James Brown Christmas" CD yet? --Phil M. -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
Message: 6 Date: Thu, 09 Sep 2004 00:04:50 -0400 From: Country Paul Subject: Hide & Seek; Glen Campbell; Frank Guida Ed B wrote: > While on the subject of Bunker Hill let's not forget the > remake a few years later in 1966 by The Sheep (Strangeloves) > on Boom Records, another muddy frantic recording of Hide and Seek. There was also a somewhat more melodic version, but still really good, by the Astro-Jets on Imperial. Well worth looking for. Jens Koch: > Apparently Glen has recorded a new version of Guess I'm Dumb > http://www.towerrecords.com/product.aspx?pfid=3080184 I also see "Less of Me" on there, to my mind possibly the best of his pre-"Gentle" country period. Wonderful lyrics: "Let me be a little kinder / Let me be a little blinder / to the faults I find in others / Let me praise a little more / Let me be a little meeker / to the brother that is weaker /Think a little more of others / and a little less of me." I hope his new version is worthy of his earlier one. Joe Nelson: > Tom Diehl once told me (I'm not sure where he got his info) that > the Frank Guida sound was the side effect of excessive ping-ponging > between two monaural tape machines (by about the fifth generation > you had that legendary Norfolk mud). I just spoke with ping-pong > champ Al Kooper via AIM and he says it probably played a part. Frank Guida himself provides some insight from the liner notes of the album with more titles than space for them, but most likely "Rock's World Revolution: The Roots" (LeGrand 1000, 1979). Attempting to hide a significant ego by writing in the third person, he nonetheless reveals a bit about his recording technique. A general comment about Gary US Bonds' early sessions: "...Guida's direction produced the first of the hot, dirty, action recordings." "New Orleans" was "the first to feature the double bass drum beat; first to feature over modulated sound, now known as 'hot recording'...." About "Quarter to Three," he comments: "Building on the innovations of 'New Orleans,' 'Quarter to Three' went beyond the chord progressions, double bass drum beat and over modulated sound to feature live sound with crowd noises and actions. The chord progressions and production techniques make it as fresh today as it was when originally recorded." Joe again: > That said, whatever the secret it sadly dated the recordings. > Whether it created the sound that made the hits or not, you don't > get hits today by making the record sound like the instruments > were in one room and the microphones in another when they were > recorded. I respectfully disagree with your description about the mike placement. (And Austin's comments point to serious care being taken with overhead drum mikes in the session he saw.) To me it seems like plain old distortion "played" as another instrument; the studio sounds of that era were almost as much a part of the record as the players and singers. Whether accidentally or on purpose, I think Guida turned the input "up to 11" and either consciously discovered something, or else got increibly lucky - or both. And despite the lo-fi output, if you turn it up, I'd bet any of those early tracks will still rock the room and its inhabitants. By the way, Guida ego really runs wild on his comment regarding 1959's "High School USA" by Tommy Facenda: "The most versions of the same song released simultaneously! With 28 initial releases, it should be included in the Guinness Book of World Records. Writing uder the name of 'Leader,' Frank dreamed this one up trying to make a million before he was 30." Country Paul -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
Message: 7 Date: Wed, 08 Sep 2004 16:02:19 EDT From: Austin Roberts (georgerobertson@aol.com) Subject: Re: the Frank Guida sound > I noted that the clearest thing on "Quarter To Three" is a microphone > bump several seconds into the record. I took this as possible evidence > that in ping-ponging the overdubs, Guida may have miced his machines' > speakers rather than wiring them into the board. It sounds far fetched > (and Al disputed it outright), but any attempt to upgrade the studio > would obviously rectify such a stuation. I am sure that that the first records on Gary were one track, but they also may have been two 1-track machines, consequently the multiple ping-ponging sound. Eugene Barge's (Daddy G) sax work (especially his solos) could be heard well enuff and also accounted for a lot of this 'sound'. When Guida went to 2-track, he may well have used two 2-track machines the same way in order to still maintain that sound. Joe again: > That said, whatever the secret it sadly dated the recordings. Whether > it created the sound that made the hits or not, you don't get hits today > by making the record sound like the instruments were in one room > and the microphones in another when they were recorded. Dated they may sound, but you know that sound when you hear it and I know Quarter To Three is one of the most played songs on oldies stations today. Spector and Brian Wilson and possibly John Phillips with Lou Adler can also claim that fame. This could be a small thread to add to the Spectro mix: records that are indigenous in their sound to certain producers. Add Quincy Jones' earlier Lesley Gore records, K & K's bubblegum hits, etc., etc. Austin Roberts -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
Message: 8 Date: Wed, 08 Sep 2004 14:50:00 -0700 From: Eric Predoehl Subject: Re: Kingmen's "Louie Louie" Joe Nelson asked: > Can anyone comment on the claim that the Kingsmen's "Louie > Louie" was recorded with a single microphone? It sounds too > clear to me to me anything but multimiced. The original "Louie Louie" recording by the Kingsmen was done on a 3-track Ampex 300 series recorder, operated by Robert Lindahl under the supervision of Mike Korgan, aka "Ken Chase," the producer. The recording was released as a mono recording, and the original multi- track recording from the session, once owned by Mike Korgan, was stolen from him in the 1990s, not long after the Dave Marsh book about "Louie Louie" came out. Apparently, this tape included some alternative takes of the song, which may be lost forever. (If anyone ever finds this tape, call me immediately! 408-749-9757) At the time, Ken Chase was the only person that liked the original recording. He got into a big argument with engineer/ studio owner Bob Lindahl over "proper recording techniques." All the Kingsmen hated the recording, and didn't even want to pay the $50 that it cost for the session. In the town of Portland, Oregon, local radio wasn't interested in the Kingsmen's version, as locals were more interested in the new version by Paul Revere & The Raiders, who cut the song in the same studio in the same week. Of course, everyone in the Northwest looked up to the version by Rockin' Robin Roberts & The Wailers, which was considered the definitive version. It was only when Boston disc jockey Arnie "Woo Woo" Ginsburg decided to spotlight the Kingsmen's version as the "Worst Record of the Week" that this song got any serious attention. By that time, lead singer Jack Ely had left the band, and it was an entirely different group. There have been some interesting re-mixes of the song. The first re-mix involved using the sounds of a live audience for the first Kingsmen album, a hastily recorded live album live at the Chase nightclub (run by Ken Chase). I believe there was also a phony stereo re-mix of the entire album created a few years later. In later years, there were re- recordings of the song by original lead singer Jack Ely, including one rendition credited to "The Kingsmen" during a period when the (other) Kingsmen were not an active musical group. The current Kingsmen have re-recorded the song a few times, including for a California Cooler ad and for a new CD. I've heard some versions of the song that legally sampled The Kingsmen by such artists as Young MC and Three Amigos. There's a version floating out in cyberspace that combines the Kingsmen's version with snippets of Lynyrd Skynyrd and the David Letterman TV show. I wish I knew who's taking credit for that one, as it's pretty darned catchy. Me gotta go now, Eric Predoehl keeper of the LouieLouie.net -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
Message: 9 Date: Wed, 08 Sep 2004 18:55:30 EDT From: Bob Rashkow Subject: Re: Laura's Dante's interview Got a chance to check out Laura P's Ron Dante interview. Great! Aren't we all so happy Ron is on the group. What's more he just keeps on going. I didn't even know he produced some of Pat Benatar's stuff. Did he work on "Love Is A Battlefield"? (About as good as she gets IMHO) By the way I believe Kornfeld & Duboff were responsible for The Toy Factory (Jubilee)'s happy sunshine-popper "Sunny Sunny Feeling", and they published a lot of good stuff with Akbestal-Luvlin and Beechwood Music on Capitol, Jubilee and other subsidiaries of same. Bobster -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
Message: 10 Date: Wed, 08 Sep 2004 21:07:11 -0400 From: Eric Van Rysdam Subject: Re: Glen Campbell previously: > Apparently Glen has recorded a new version of Guess I'm Dumb. Buyer beware -- read this Amazon review carefully: http://tinyurl.com/67q67 I'm betting Guess I'm Dumb is one of the 13 'missing' songs. -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
Message: 11 Date: Thu, 09 Sep 2004 02:57:45 -0000 From: Andy Subject: Re: Steve Duboff Glenn wrote: > While we're on the subject of The Cowsills, does anyone know, or > know anything about, the mysterious Steve Duboff? I have never > been able to find any information on this guy except the most basic > stuff. The following info is from 4/04/04: Steven W. Duboff, songwriter, record producer, singer, manager and video game designer, died on February 28 in Los Angeles of cancer. He was 62. Duboff co-wrote the '60s hits "The Rain The Park and Other Things" and "We Can Fly" by The Cowsills, and Crispian St. Peter's "The Pied Piper" with Artie Kornfeld. Duboff also wrote songs for Ringo Starr, The Turtles, Connie Francis, Al Hirt, Wayne Newton, The Addrisi Brothers, The Monkees, The Bon Aires and more, and worked with co-writers including Doug Morris, Gerry Robinson, and Neil Levinson. Duboff produced records for The Insect Trust (who he also managed), Hugh McCracken, Guy Mitchell, Bit A Sweet, Lenny Williams and The Cowsills. He and Kornfeld were the recording and performing group The Changin' Times, opening on tour for Sonny and Cher. He also worked as an A&R executive at ABC Records. In addition to songwriting, he designed video games for Commodore, Antler, Intellicreations, Datasoft. Originally from Miami, Duboff lived in New York City, and moved to Malibu about 20 years ago, where he was involved with Malibu real estate. Duboff is survived by his mother, two nieces and ex-wives Janet Oseroff and Maureen Stevens. -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
Message: 12 Date: Thu, 09 Sep 2004 02:51:51 EDT From: Al Kooper Subject: Kooper On Air Kooper On Air That's talkin' not walkin'. Through some Internet yakkin' I have my own show on Radio Caroline in the UK. First show: Thursday Sept 16th at 5:30 PM EST in the USA. Go to www.radiocaroline.co.uk and click on Listen Live. There's a broadband stream as well as a good Abacast stream for dial-up. The show is called Obscuritiva, and I play my obscure faves on each show. VERY Spectropoppy. Hope you enjoy it. All comments welcomed here. I apologize in advance for my lack of DJ talent, but the music's great! The shows are recorded in my basement studio in Somerville, MA. Is this a beautiful country or what? Al Kooper -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
Message: 13 Date: Thu, 09 Sep 2004 11:10:43 +0200 From: Frank Jastfelder Subject: Re: JB Christmas CD Phil M. asked: > James Brown has put out a load of great XMas records in his career. Does > anyone know if these have been compiled to a "James Brown Christmas" > CD yet? There's a 17-track Christmas collection at amazon.com. It's a repackaged version of an older compilation. Frank J. -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
Message: 14 Date: Thu, 09 Sep 2004 02:31:30 EDT From: Al Kooper Subject: Re: Zombies Q. Frank Uhle asked: > This may well have been coincidental with Mr. Kooper's > involvement in the release, but I wondered if he had any > recollection of hearing that CBS wanted to put the Zombies' > version out because of a cover that was getting airplay in > the midwest? Uhhhh, not on my radar BUT it coulda happened as a coincidence. And Mr. Kooper was my father -- I'm Al. -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
Message: 15 Date: Thu, 09 Sep 2004 09:54:01 -0000 From: Billy G Spradlin Subject: Re: Robin Ward's "Wonderful Summer" Paul Urbahns asked: > I have been told (but can't confirm it) that the mono versions of > Robin Ward's Wonderful Summer (read that the hit single) start > cold and do not have any surf. But the stereo versions start with > the sound of the surf. Are they just different mixes or different > recordings? If this is true, have any of the stereo versions been > "corrected" to match the hit single? I have the original Dot 45, and the surf sound effects are softer than the stereo version. I believe the background vocals are also mixed differently. I will have to dig it out, haven't played the mono version in years :) Billy http://listen.to/jangleradio -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
Message: 16 Date: Wed, 08 Sep 2004 13:43:17 +0100 From: John Marriott Subject: Re: JB Christmas CD Phil M. asked: > James Brown has put out a load of great XMas records in his career. Does > anyone know if these have been compiled to a "James Brown Christmas" > CD yet? A nice handy 17-track (tracks from '66-'70) budget priced CD. "Funky Christmas" (Polygram Spectrum 554 756-2), came out in the UK in 1998. with good notes and references to the original album releases. John -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
Message: 17 Date: Thu, 09 Sep 2004 08:58:55 EDT From: Al Kooper Subject: Re: promo cats When I was in The Blues Project, the guy who took me to the doctor for a penicillin shot in LA was promo guy David Anderle, later with Brother Records, Elektra and finally A&M. We're STILL friends. Then the BS&T tour: Sal Ingeme and Chuck Thagard, were the standouts from Columbia's staff. All these guys were very nice to me, and made life on the road a lot easier. But Julie London never sat on my lap -- damn! I did get Donna Summer to have my son on her lap, but he was only ten. Al Kooper -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
Message: 18 Date: Thu, 09 Sep 2004 09:19:28 EDT From: Al Kooper Subject: Re: Steve Alaimo previously: > How about "Everyday I Have To Cry" by Steve Alaimo (Checker 2986)? > ... Alaimo actually had several concept albums in the 60s, such as his all- > twist album, his all-ska album, his all-Spanish-language album, his swing > album, and his all-songs-heard-on-"Where The Action Is" album. I'm so glad somebody else mentioned Steve. One of the greatest guys I've known in the music biz. We're still yakkin it up today. He was way ahead of the white people who embraced reggae and ska. His versions probably outdated all other white covers. I just got an import best-of, and it's ska-heavy. He ran TK, Glades and Clouds Records, outa Hollywood, Fla. in the '70s. KC was the coffee boy when I first started hangin' there in '72. Went out and got coffee for everybody. Humble beginnings. Anyway, he can still sing his ass off and his sense of humour is always on 10. Al Kooper -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
Message: 19 Date: Thu, 09 Sep 2004 15:46:17 +0200 From: Jens Koch Subject: Re: Glen Campbell Country Paul wrote: > I also see "Less of Me" on there, to my mind possibly the best of his > pre-"Gentle" country period. Wonderful lyrics ... That song points to another piece of Glen's artistry, which usually attracts little attention. Glen wrote that song. And if that's anything to go by, he should have written more songs! Jens -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
Message: 20 Date: Thu, 09 Sep 2004 15:47:55 -0000 From: Frank Young Subject: Re: Steve Duboff Another source of Kornfeld/Duboff tunes are the two LPs by The Hullaballoos, on Roulette. Between the two LPs, there are six songs with Duboff's input, plus another couple with Kornfeld and Ted Daryll. Add some Levenson/Klein ditties and you've got a couple of very catchy discs. Duboff's best moment on these LPs is the dramatic, surprising "If You Don't Know By Now." Hugo & Luigi produced, although the results have a rather rinky-dink sound. Repertoire had a two-fer CD out of these LPs in the '90s, but it's long deleted. Frank -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
Message: 21 Date: Thu, 09 Sep 2004 10:26:44 +0000 From: Phil X Milstein Subject: Re: Hide And Seek Ed B wrote: > While on the subject of Bunker Hill let's not forget the remake a > few years later in 1966 by The Sheep (aka Strangeloves) on Boom > Records, another muddy frantic recording of Hide And Seek. Now playing at musica. Check it out. --Phil M. -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
Message: 22 Date: Thu, 09 Sep 2004 11:39:56 +0000 From: Phil X Milstein Subject: John Lennon's Jukebox Last night PBS aired an hourlong episode of "Great Performances" titled "John Lennon's Jukebox," about the contents of a record machine owned by the late Beatle. I found out about it too late to post info here in time for the premiere (and taped without yet watching it myself), but, as PBS stations often delay or replay programs after their network premieres, there may still be time for some of y'all to catch it. The program's website is at http://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/shows/lennon/index.html Yeah, --Phil M. -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
Message: 23 Date: Thu, 09 Sep 2004 12:08:38 -0400 From: James Cassidy Subject: Re: All I Wanta Be Is Me Thanks to Billy G. Spradlin for playing the early Cowsills song to musica. It brought back vivid memories from my childhood outside Worcester, Mass. In the mid-sixties, our TV antenna could pull in seven stations. I remember seeing the early, four-guy lineup of The Cowsills on a local teen dance show from one of the Providence stations, doing "All I Really Wanta Be Is Me." The reason it made such an impression on me was that Barry (bass) was my age (11). I suddenly realized, "Hey, you don't have to be an adult to be in a group. Maybe I could do that, too." Before long, I was playing bass in a group I started with some friends in my town. I don't think I've heard the song since then; thanks! Jim Cassidy -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
Message: 24 Date: Thu, 09 Sep 2004 16:08:32 -0000 From: Will Stos Subject: Gillian Hills I just got "Dream Babes, Vol. 5: Folk Rock and Faithfull," and I love it. But "Tomorrow Is Another Day," by Gillian Hills, absolutely makes me melt! I think she has such a beautiful voice. Is this track a good representation of her other recordings, and can anyone recommend a collection of her songs on CD or any other good comps with her songs? Thanks, Will Stos -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
Message: 25 Date: Thu, 09 Sep 2004 10:13:29 -0400 From: Mikey Subject: Re: Boom Records Ed B wrote: > While on the subject of Bunker Hill let's not forget the remake a > few years later in 1966 by The Sheep (Strangeloves) on Boom > Records, another muddy frantic recording of Hide And Seek. I have been looking for a discography for Boom Records for many years -- anybody help? I have what may be the rarest Boom 45, "Pretty Face" by Terry Cashman & The Men, who were really The Chevrons, a very popular NYC doo-wop group. Mikey -------------------[ archived by Spectropop ]-------------------
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